Performance Evaluation of Complex Systems: Techniques and Tools Performance 2002. Tutorial Lectures

Thefastevolutionandtheincreasedpervasivenessofcomputersandcom- nicationnetworkshaveledtothedevelopmentofalargevarietyofcomplex applicationsandserviceswhichhavebecomeanintegralpartofourdailylives. Modernsocietywidelyreliesoninformationtechnologies. Hence, theQuality ofService, thatis, thee'ciency, availability, reliability, andsecurityofthese technologies, isanessentialrequirementfortheproperfunctioningofmodern society. Inthisscenario, performanceevaluationplaysacentralrole. Performance evaluationhastoassessandpredicttheperformanceofhardwareandsoftware systems, andtoidentifyandpreventtheircurrentandfutureperformancebo- lenecks. Inthepastthirtyyears, manyperformanceevaluationtechniquesandtools havebeendevelopedandsuccessfullyappliedinstudiesdealingwiththec- ?gurationandcapacityplanningofexistingsystemsandwiththedesignand developmentofnewsystems. Recently, performanceevaluationtechniqueshave evolvedtocopewiththeincreasedcomplexityofthecurrentsystemsandtheir workloads. Manyoftheclassicaltechniqueshavebeenrevisitedinlightofthe recenttechnologicaladvances, andnoveltechniques, methods, andtoolshave beendeveloped. Thisbookisorganizedaroundasetofsurveypaperswhichprovideac- prehensiveoverviewofthetheories, techniques, andtoolsforperformanceand reliabilityevaluationofcurrentandnewemergingtechnologies. Thepapers, by leadinginternationalexpertsinthe'eldofperformanceevaluation, arebasedon thetutorialspresentedattheIFIPWG7. 3InternationalSymposiumonCom- terModeling, Measurement, andEvaluation(Performance2002)heldinRome onSeptember23-27,2002. Thepapersaddressthestateoftheartofthetheoreticalandmethodological advancesintheareaofperformanceandreliabilityevaluationaswellasnew perspectivesinthemajorapplicationdomains. Abroadspectrumoftopicsis coveredinthisbook. Modelingandveri'cationformalisms, solutionmethods, workloadcharacterization, andbenchmarkingareaddressedfromametho- logicalpointofview. Applicationsofperformanceandreliabilitytechniquesto variousdomains, suchas, hardwareandsoftwarearchitectures, wiredand- relessnetworks, Gridenvironments, Webservices, real-timevoiceandvideo applications, arealsoexamined. Thisbookisintendedtoserveasareferenceforstudents, scientists, and- gineersworkingintheareasofperformanceandreliabilityevaluation, hardware andsoftwaredesign, andcapacityplanning. VI Preface Finally, aseditorsofthebook, wewouldliketothankallauthorsfortheir valuablecontributionsandtheire'ortandcooperationinthepreparationof theirmanuscripts. July2002 MariaCarlaCalzarossa SalvatoreTucci TableofContents G-Networks: MultipleClassesofPositiveCustomers, Signals, and ProductFormResults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 ErolGelenbe SpectralExpansionSolutionsforMarkov-ModulatedQueues . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 IsiMitrani M/G/1-TypeMarkovProcesses: ATutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 AlmaRiska, EvgeniaSmirni AnAlgorithmicApproachtoStochasticBounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 J. M. Fourneau, N. Pekergin DynamicSchedulingviaPolymatroidOptimization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 DavidD. Yao WorkloadModelingforPerformanceEvaluation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 DrorG. Feitelson CapacityPlanningforWebServices(TechniquesandMethodology) . . . . . . 142 VirgilioA. F. Almeida End-to-EndPerformanceofWebServices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 PaoloCremonesi, GiuseppeSerazzi Benchmarking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .