Free Revealing How Firms Can Profit From Being Open

Over the last decade, the commercial world has more and more embraced open source software such as the Linux operating system. What started out as an ideological movement for “Free Software” and as a hobbyists’ thing has largely turned into a ma- stream part of the IT industry. By 2008, even the long-time open source critic Microsoft has created two open source licenses, and it comes as little surprise when Google - leases the complete mobile operating system stack of its Android phone as open source. Yet, how exactly open source software and in particular the open source style of software development are integrated into commercial enterprises is far from being - derstood. Research into open source software and open innovation more broadly only just starts to address these issues. But these questions are of obvious importance for firms considering to launch or extend their open source engagement, and of academic interest to scholars studying open innovation processes.